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Final September, the James Webb Area Telescope, or JWST, found JWST-ER1g, an enormous historic galaxy that fashioned when the universe was only a quarter of its present age. Surprisingly, an Einstein ring is related to this galaxy. That is as a result of JWST-ER1g acts as a lens and bends mild from a distant supply, which then seems as a hoop — a phenomenon known as robust gravitational lensing, predicted in Einstein’s concept of common relativity.
The entire mass enclosed throughout the Einstein radius — the radius of the Einstein ring — has two elements: stellar and darkish matter elements.
“If we subtract the stellar mass from the entire mass, we get the darkish matter mass throughout the Einstein radius,” stated Hai-Bo Yu, a professor of physics and astronomy on the College of California, Riverside, whose staff has printed new work about JWST-ER1g within the journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters. “However the worth for the darkish matter mass appears larger than anticipated. That is puzzling. In our paper, we provide an evidence.”
A darkish matter halo is the halo of invisible matter that permeates and surrounds a galaxy like JWST-ER1g. Though darkish matter has by no means been detected in laboratories, physicists are assured darkish matter, which makes up 85% of the universe’s matter, exists.
“When bizarre matter — pristine fuel and stars — collapses and condenses into the darkish matter halo of JWST-ER1g, it might be compressing the halo, resulting in a excessive density,” stated Demao Kong, a second-year graduate pupil at UCR, who led the evaluation. “Our numerical research present that this mechanism can clarify the excessive darkish matter density of JWST-ER1g — extra darkish matter mass in the identical quantity, leading to larger density.”
Based on Daneng Yang, a postdoctoral researcher at UCR and co-author on the paper, JWST-ER1g, fashioned 3.4 billion years after the Large Bang, supplies “a fantastic probability to find out about darkish matter.”
“This robust lensing object is exclusive as a result of it has an ideal Einstein ring, from which we are able to get hold of beneficial details about the entire mass throughout the Einstein radius, a crucial step for testing darkish matter properties,” he stated.
Launched on Christmas Day in 2021, NASA’s JWST is an orbiting infrared observatory. Additionally known as Webb, it’s designed to reply questions in regards to the universe. It’s the largest, most complicated, and highly effective area telescope ever constructed.
“JWST supplies an unprecedented alternative for us to look at historic galaxies fashioned when the universe was younger,” Yu stated. “We count on to see extra surprises from JWST and be taught extra about darkish matter quickly.”
The examine was supported by the John Templeton Basis and the U.S. Division of Power.
The title of the open entry analysis paper is “Chilly Darkish Matter and Self-interacting Darkish Matter Interpretations of the Robust Gravitational Lensing Object JWST-ER1.”
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