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Sen. Mark Warner, D-Virginia, wrote a letter to Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google guardian firm Alphabet, on Aug. 8, searching for readability into the expertise developer’s Med-PaLM 2, a synthetic intelligence chatbot, and the way it’s being deployed and skilled in healthcare settings.
WHY IT MATTERS
Within the letter, Warner expresses considerations about some news reports highlighting inaccuracies within the expertise, and he asks Pichai to reply a collection of questions on Med-PaLM 2 (and different AI instruments prefer it), based mostly round its algorithmic transparency, its skill to guard affected person privateness and different considerations.
Warner questions whether or not Google is “prioritizing the race to ascertain market share over affected person well-being,” and whether or not the corporate is “skirting well being privateness because it skilled diagnostic fashions on delicate well being information with out sufferers’ information or consent.”
The senator asks Pichai for readability about how the Med-PaLM 2 expertise is being rolled out and examined in numerous healthcare settings – together with on the Mayo Clinic, whose Care Community consists of Arlington, Virginia-based VHC Well being in Warner’s dwelling state – what information sources it is studying from and “how a lot info and company sufferers have over how AI is concerned of their care.”
Among the many questions (quoted from the letter) Warner requested the Google CEO:
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Researchers have discovered giant language fashions to show a phenomenon described as “sycophancy,” whereby the mannequin generates responses that verify or cater to a consumer’s (tacit or specific) most popular solutions, which might produce dangers of misdiagnosis within the medical context. Have you ever examined Med-PaLM 2 for this failure mode?
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Massive language fashions continuously show the tendency to memorize contents of their coaching information, which may danger affected person privateness within the context of fashions skilled on delicate well being info. How has Google evaluated Med-PaLM 2 for this danger and what steps has Google taken to mitigate inadvertent privateness leaks of delicate well being info?
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What documentation did Google present hospitals, similar to Mayo Clinic, about Med-PaLM 2? Did it share mannequin or system playing cards, datasheets, data-statements, and/or take a look at and analysis outcomes?
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Google’s personal analysis acknowledges that its medical fashions mirror scientific information solely as of the time the mannequin is skilled, necessitating “continuous studying.” What’s the frequency with which Google totally or partially re-trains Med-PaLM 2? Does Google be sure that licensees use solely essentially the most up-to-date mannequin model?
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Google has not publicly supplied documentation on Med-PaLM 2, together with refraining from disclosing the contents of the mannequin’s coaching information. Does Med-PaLM 2’s coaching corpus embrace protected well being info?
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Does Google be sure that sufferers are knowledgeable when Med-PaLM 2, or different AI fashions supplied or licensed by, are used of their care by well being care licensees? If that’s the case, how is the disclosure introduced? Is it a part of an extended disclosure or extra clearly introduced?
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Do sufferers have the choice to opt-out of getting AI used to facilitate their care? If that’s the case, how is this feature communicated to sufferers?
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Does Google retain immediate info from well being care licensees, together with protected well being info contained therein? Please record every function Google has for retaining that info.
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What license phrases exist in any product license to make use of Med-PaLM 2 to guard sufferers, guarantee moral guardrails, and stop misuse or inappropriate use of Med-PaLM 2? How does Google guarantee compliance with these phrases within the post-deployment context?
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What number of hospitals is Med-PaLM 2 at present getting used at? Please present an inventory of all hospitals and well being care methods Google has licensed or in any other case shared Med-Palm 2 with.
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Does Google use protected well being info from hospitals utilizing Med-PaLM 2 to retrain or finetune Med-PaLM 2 or some other fashions? If that’s the case, does Google require that hospitals inform sufferers that their protected well being info could also be used on this method?
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In Google’s personal analysis publication saying Med-PaLM 2, researchers cautioned about the necessity to undertake “guardrails to mitigate in opposition to over-reliance on the output of a medical assistant.” What guardrails has Google adopted to mitigate over-reliance on the output of Med-PaLM 2 in addition to when it notably ought to and shouldn’t be used? What guardrails has Google integrated by product license phrases to forestall over-reliance on the output?
THE LARGER TREND
Warner, who has enterprise expertise within the expertise trade, has taken a eager curiosity in healthcare digital transformation initiatives similar to telehealth and virtual care, cybersecurity, and AI ethics and security.
This isn’t the primary time he is written on to a Massive Tech CEO. This previous October, Warner wrote to Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg searching for readability on the corporate’s pixel expertise and information monitoring practices in healthcare.
He has shared similar concerns concerning the potential dangers of synthetic intelligence and has asked the White House to work extra carefully with the tech sector to assist foster safer deployments of AI in healthcare and elsewhere.
This previous April, Google started testing Med-PaLM 2 – which may reply medical questions, summarize paperwork and carry out different data-intensive duties – with healthcare prospects such because the Mayo Clinic, with which it has been working closely since 2019.
On the Mayo Clinic, in the meantime, progressive work continues on generative AI throughout a wide range of medical and operational use instances. In June, Google and Mayo offered an update on some of the automation projects it is pursuing.
Mayo Clinic Platform President Dr. John Halamka spoke with Healthcare IT Information Managing Editor Invoice Siwicki just lately concerning the promise – and limitations – of generative AI, giant language fashions and different machine studying functions for medical care supply.
ON THE RECORD
“Whereas synthetic intelligence undoubtedly holds great potential to enhance affected person care and well being outcomes, I fear that untimely deployment of unproven expertise might result in the erosion of belief in our medical professionals and establishments, the exacerbation of current racial disparities in well being outcomes and an elevated danger of diagnostic and care-delivery errors,” stated Warner.
“It’s clear extra work is required to enhance this expertise in addition to to make sure the well being care neighborhood develops applicable requirements governing the deployment and use of AI,” he added.
Mike Miliard is govt editor of Healthcare IT Information
E-mail the author: mike.miliard@himssmedia.com
Healthcare IT Information is a HIMSS publication.
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